{"id":"W4414148087","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/adf645","title":"Tracing Red Giant Members of the Globular Cluster Palomar 5 with APOGEE and Gaia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; University of Oxford; York University; Villum Fonden; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Carnegie Mellon University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; European Space Agency; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Ohio State University; Simons Foundation; National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; U.S. Department of Energy; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Yale University","keywords":"Globular cluster; Milky Way; Red clump; Red-giant branch; Red giant; Star cluster; Open cluster; Dark matter","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002960771,0.000174327,0.0001541818,0.001559177,0.0003874072,0.000445992,0.0003365422,0.0002745361,0.0008536535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009107058,0.0001284452,0.0001457771,0.0008576915,0.000302661,0.0002804882,0.0008123217,0.0001393085,0.0003130892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004549686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000160424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01344035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02105834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998007,0.00002361572,0.000006206384,0.00007155419,0.00005512584,0.00004278527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992772,0.0001243777,0.0002220349,0.00006720893,0.0001270989,0.0001821379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006158976,0.00001740043,0.9909102,0.000007210072,0.00001734678,0.0001706269,0.0004505902,0.0003376262,0.003227434,0.0001454171,0.0003361896,0.004318418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003519604,0.00002706832,0.9959593,0.000004912068,0.000007985203,0.00009548378,0.0004259693,0.002244288,0.0004769916,0.0000731546,0.0006778725,0.000003544771],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992041,0.00002395972,0.0001491138,0.00001563004,0.000001051517,0.000004081421,0.00008692907,0.00001326418,0.0005018385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991472,0.00001019547,0.0003671617,0.000008479839,0.00000193283,0.000002842304,0.0002910431,0.000003287591,0.0001679283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01344035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02672422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005195103610130352,"score_gpt":0.2047644168684509,"score_spread":0.1995693132583206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}