{"id":"W4414183857","doi":"10.1007/s10639-025-13718-y","title":"Taking notes with artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology and academic integrity: perspectives from online learners","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education and Information Technologies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Accountability; Educational technology; Usability; Copying; Critical thinking; Blended learning; Qualitative research; Higher education; Cognitive reframing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003287739,0.0001086057,0.000125831,0.0008358705,0.0004388547,0.0001159306,0.0002275753,0.0008382293,0.0000304514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003248147,0.00009321555,0.0000132024,0.0009266241,0.001046457,0.0011252,0.00005650572,0.001744492,0.000007035947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009308795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006051316,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009498412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002206596,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992597,0.00003780851,0.0002464797,0.0001518604,0.0001406811,0.000163456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992522,0.0002202298,0.000172779,0.000112057,0.000219646,0.00002311685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000115965,0.00001680017,0.003885499,0.000008242924,0.000006426053,3.362363e-8,0.008840863,0.000003641292,0.0000250723,0.5095492,0.0001282104,0.4775244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005794378,0.00003830269,0.001337786,0.00017944,0.00001657097,8.996209e-7,0.8058071,0.000699428,0.003815853,0.1546267,0.03325851,0.0001614595],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5540418,0.002467402,0.07866361,0.3561125,0.0003867158,0.0004907268,0.00002716585,0.001324414,0.006485658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908441,0.001322192,0.006616471,0.001080189,0.00003337299,0.00002803849,0.00002581857,0.000002391211,0.00004738018],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7969663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7579047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02935354453752891,"score_gpt":0.3512165937698792,"score_spread":0.3218630492323503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}