{"id":"W4414193518","doi":"10.1029/2025jd043928","title":"Stratospheric Injection Lifetimes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Earth Sciences Division; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Stratosphere; Plume; Aerosol; Settling; Water vapor; Sulfate aerosol; RADIUS; Microwave Limb Sounder","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002246384,0.0004353584,0.0002426957,0.0003014079,0.0003837223,0.000732953,0.0005245269,0.0005402492,0.002134733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007660963,0.0001957809,0.0007149146,0.0003076597,0.0002702992,0.0005813797,0.0003350012,0.000424344,0.000194019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001125086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006215267,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02194451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01144527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999052,0.000009786084,0.00000437705,0.00002122583,0.00001732534,0.00004202346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998249,0.00005284588,0.00003441306,0.0000183974,0.00004311592,0.00002620285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000247298,0.00008932094,0.1052519,0.00009469849,0.0001769307,0.000306698,0.0001881911,0.8528919,0.02428177,0.003179841,0.001092673,0.01219872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001114192,0.0003387233,0.08893833,0.00005226301,0.0001276228,0.000225342,0.0002618105,0.8833767,0.02011322,0.001408184,0.004961661,0.0000845834],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908808,0.0002629269,0.003266116,0.00009549657,0.00002017055,0.00001770993,0.0011613,0.0002001138,0.004095308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982817,0.00007285455,0.0005140225,0.00001611407,0.000001923513,0.000009122121,0.0006416051,0.00002571493,0.0004369935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02194451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04363358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02283237462184207,"score_gpt":0.3086693197039111,"score_spread":0.285836945082069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}