{"id":"W4414252496","doi":"10.1017/jog.2025.10090","title":"Subtle height change reveals melt water movement around and under glacial ice, an example from northern Ellesmere Island, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Glaciology","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"3v Geomatics (Canada); University of Ottawa; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Glacial period; Elevation (ballistics); Structural basin; Climate change; Drainage basin; Post-glacial rebound; Water level","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001039233,0.0001657967,0.0001814847,0.001417037,0.001198554,0.0008278026,0.0003640486,0.0002129403,0.001357728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003253577,0.00009488114,0.0001242193,0.002270403,0.0004107849,0.0001565054,0.0003923725,0.0002045604,0.0001838356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005289321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004462809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9829581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9962164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999049,0.000003343247,0.000002867318,0.0000184353,0.00003051824,0.00003997344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997346,0.00001886459,0.00002114175,0.000009514596,0.0001485934,0.0000672819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001650574,0.00003544821,0.9669055,0.00004380894,0.00005670402,0.0004174998,0.001992845,0.0009921716,0.006199917,0.0002410485,0.002926136,0.0200239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001829182,0.000003751231,0.9971629,0.000007374129,0.000006413161,0.00002597087,0.0009330595,0.0005192248,0.0002546364,0.0000107406,0.001070253,0.000003960668],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993566,0.0001680373,0.00009814624,0.00006208676,0.000003900949,0.000008714762,0.002680611,0.00002115101,0.003391345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963736,0.0001110201,0.0002843649,0.00002443484,0.000001673416,0.000004316988,0.001959511,0.000007526628,0.001233461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01704186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03837687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03196448051620716,"score_gpt":0.2451684173254659,"score_spread":0.2132039368092588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}