{"id":"W4414298862","doi":"10.1515/snde-2024-0123","title":"Trend Breaks and the Persistence of Closed-End Fund Discounts","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics","topic":"State Capitalism and Financial Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Zoo","funders":"","keywords":"Persistence (discontinuity); Identification (biology); Asset (computer security); Nonlinear system; Moment (physics); Phenomenon","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00276577,0.0001181051,0.0003623577,0.0009326031,0.0002560533,0.001630334,0.0004371614,0.0006210686,0.002261893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0252254,0.0001524271,0.0002628403,0.0008555501,0.0006516218,0.001427968,0.0006604286,0.001228282,0.0002348925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005731113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001387737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00216809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002065378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993721,0.0001231207,0.00007673895,0.0001565094,0.0001843706,0.00008714432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9774435,0.008647743,0.01073479,0.001831792,0.0009142408,0.0004279051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005558451,0.0001318889,0.9075395,0.00008194166,0.0002149077,0.0007638498,0.002061632,0.01511098,0.003884143,0.02129173,0.001631851,0.04673172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002096125,0.0001548602,0.9078655,0.00004539142,0.0000605169,0.0004287775,0.0009590848,0.05934989,0.002062597,0.02658026,0.002410257,0.00006190861],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962357,0.000106959,0.002152314,0.0001181478,0.000006649856,0.000004167156,0.0001799379,0.00001871751,0.00117755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996691,0.00001910092,0.0001071696,0.000004052997,0.000005621323,8.872087e-7,0.00007688747,0.000002437023,0.0001148998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00276577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01462698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.038950492973904,"score_gpt":0.2600098430712176,"score_spread":0.2210593500973136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}