{"id":"W4414319167","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf211","title":"Chemical and bioassay-based characterization of the growth promoter ractopamine in beef cattle manure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; Lethbridge College; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Saskatchewan; University of Lethbridge","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Beef Cattle Research Council","keywords":"Ractopamine; Manure; Feedlot; Beef cattle; Dry weight; Ecotoxicology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002116624,0.0002389922,0.0002394087,0.0002276833,0.0001416878,0.0003758979,0.0002252866,0.0002760134,0.0004268086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002855403,0.0001242404,0.0001801401,0.0002439793,0.0001830497,0.000165725,0.000152999,0.0002371857,0.0001912824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003941209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003212337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003733665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006302202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997442,0.0000393603,0.00001749645,0.00005360658,0.0001073792,0.00003793399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997218,0.00006545601,0.00008571884,0.0000200251,0.00008250745,0.00002456936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004423437,0.00001466222,0.0005615221,0.00002157394,0.000002284334,0.00001662886,0.000007328016,0.0001088628,0.9982231,0.000004334003,0.000004137934,0.0009913255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003430628,0.000685545,0.01064475,0.000007253193,0.00001196202,0.0001031607,0.0000718889,0.0008813269,0.9869288,0.000009685732,0.0006470853,0.000005046979],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957451,0.0006665155,0.002523502,0.00002566473,0.000006392339,0.00003628168,0.0004808706,0.00002509248,0.0004906098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911394,0.001094188,0.004973019,0.00004507307,0.00000727686,0.00005343573,0.0009012165,0.00002008667,0.001766284],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003733665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007423878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005194709520235148,"score_gpt":0.2188130852446,"score_spread":0.2136183757243648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}