{"id":"W4414347771","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf172","title":"Berberine: A Bitter Phytochemical With Diversely Sweet Therapeutic Properties","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nutrition Reviews","topic":"Berberine and alkaloids research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Research Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Berberine; Phytochemical; In vivo; Type 2 diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Antioxidant; Insulin; Phytotherapy; Biological activity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001407866,0.0001434787,0.0003958064,0.0001011247,0.0000587271,0.00002537805,0.00008252857,0.00005981509,0.0003188183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000342159,0.00008653203,0.0001133828,0.0004027653,0.00009479284,0.0000681493,0.00003960411,0.0002328159,0.000188362],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004367179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005681339,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001217745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002963072,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990573,0.00005963176,0.0002407992,0.0002372211,0.0001910347,0.0002140452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994733,0.00001331777,0.00003598089,0.0002835401,0.0001186337,0.00007519605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00173981,0.002582406,0.01071179,0.01403439,0.0003643169,0.0001049743,0.0001829641,2.515672e-7,0.3362823,0.0007328068,0.3898776,0.2433864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001704044,0.0002176951,0.001242148,0.002350976,0.00009054374,0.00003545136,0.00003031876,0.00001535053,0.01690653,0.00004426517,0.9772573,0.0001053525],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4919876,0.3008311,0.001370587,0.09580839,0.0002807606,0.01035941,0.00002429103,0.0005069664,0.09883088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.800116,0.0889255,0.006388378,0.02369276,0.0008704251,0.003570947,0.0001487375,0.00008228777,0.07620497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5873798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3528674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05382231778578426,"score_gpt":0.3280309995009911,"score_spread":0.2742086817152068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}