{"id":"W4414363287","doi":"10.1093/molbev/msaf215","title":"From Binding to Catalysis: Emergence of a Rudimentary Enzyme Conferring Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Biology and Evolution","topic":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia; Université de Montréal; PROTEO; Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Israel Science Foundation; Minerva Foundation","keywords":"Enzyme; Dihydrofolate reductase; Antibiotics; Binding site; Conserved sequence; Homology (biology); Active site; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003911406,0.0002961959,0.0006654698,0.0001531248,0.0001828906,0.001183718,0.0004675392,0.0007470445,0.0007864363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009304974,0.0002594356,0.0003550414,0.0001612174,0.000833118,0.001097798,0.0007312856,0.000867175,0.0002969497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003202784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002096015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001901479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001572285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998395,0.00002733646,0.000008641355,0.00005833858,0.00003352007,0.00003250436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997203,0.00009249903,0.00006359979,0.00003969276,0.0000196323,0.00006417189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003964257,0.0001581351,0.0224707,0.000411211,0.0001071517,0.002457218,0.0004112022,0.01912497,0.8901765,0.03209304,0.0004110379,0.03178241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001808556,0.001870209,0.04821613,0.0001737226,0.0002783303,0.01169072,0.001105128,0.3010117,0.5456706,0.07363235,0.01594868,0.00022172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881248,0.0009314945,0.008899185,0.0002732766,0.00001055028,0.000008552252,0.00002900602,0.0001377699,0.001585323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960794,0.0004049412,0.003051859,0.00005341715,0.000006903038,0.000005781113,0.00005119993,0.00001690618,0.000329583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001183718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00263083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004896454785450951,"score_gpt":0.2627165907031426,"score_spread":0.2578201359176916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}