{"id":"W4414439969","doi":"10.1016/j.jtocrr.2025.100910","title":"Risk Factors Associated With Incidence of Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"JTO Clinical and Research Reports","topic":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Medical Research Council; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Rosetrees Trust; Cancer Research UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Entertainment Industry Foundation; American Lung Association; American Association for Cancer Research","keywords":"Lung cancer; Incidence (geometry); Risk factor; Epidemiology; Cancer; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01521254,0.000298201,0.0090934,0.0005886644,0.00006899083,0.00003028564,0.00009995369,0.0004294778,0.0001097473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017775,0.0001426268,0.001257058,0.002345811,0.0003025109,0.00007508171,0.0001354642,0.001359223,7.627695e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001468333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001012669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001335222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002994528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.992631,0.00232596,0.002690114,0.0007076728,0.001374272,0.0002710309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929054,0.00379545,0.001629444,0.0006809084,0.0007904274,0.0001984112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005512323,0.0001396998,0.2340705,0.7060509,0.05796571,0.000270358,0.00002478698,1.720075e-7,3.960024e-9,0.000001336547,0.0001067975,0.001364219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001128971,0.00009449161,0.03041087,0.2012722,0.7675581,0.00001622163,0.00001621469,0.00000277014,7.34025e-8,0.000007282825,0.0003768432,0.0001319678],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002401631,0.9941652,0.00000181161,0.00009529941,0.00002712189,0.003201836,0.00005714732,0.00001142466,0.00003854359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008105567,0.9901811,0.000003567347,0.0000323353,0.00001070546,0.0005319183,0.00005615541,0.00001545577,0.001063203],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7095924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9904987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3500971598906501,"score_gpt":0.5673434307207585,"score_spread":0.2172462708301084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}