{"id":"W4414458948","doi":"10.1109/acdsa65407.2025.11166238","title":"Multi-Objective Graph-Based Reinforcement Learning for Voltage and Frequency Stability in Grid-Connected Renewable Energy Systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Voltage; Automatic frequency control; Reinforcement learning; Electric power system; Voltage regulation; Robustness (evolution); Renewable energy; AC power","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001794682,0.0001332528,0.0001945193,0.0001792017,0.00006209479,0.00004178677,0.00005199028,0.00008023991,0.00001796636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007761719,0.0001296994,0.00003642215,0.000262469,0.0000155286,0.00009213395,0.00001143851,0.00007065456,2.42075e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003132608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004253918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003206235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999243,0.00002929552,0.0002712141,0.0001973573,0.00005008691,0.0002090261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996219,0.0001187287,0.00002814552,0.0001197548,0.00007859922,0.0000328285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002430764,0.00001400184,0.003279801,0.0001607174,0.00002911874,4.453446e-7,0.00005692592,0.9861379,0.009606193,0.0001721091,0.0001196407,0.0003988924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001640759,0.00003774655,0.0008180886,0.00005417843,0.0000129364,1.316068e-7,0.0001506826,0.9892397,0.007471147,0.00005742192,0.0003818769,0.000135326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005590998,0.001341388,0.9905364,0.00001285313,0.0003208066,0.0004803576,0.000005393658,0.0002370554,0.001474769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970351,0.00007442732,0.00216208,0.00003011096,0.00002508145,0.000238574,0.00005772053,0.00001365436,0.000363267],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9914441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.643068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006916048428582447,"score_gpt":0.1959306819689698,"score_spread":0.1890146335403873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}