{"id":"W4414459349","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107825","title":"Medical and biological applications of Langevin-type ultrasonic transducers: A narrative review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Transducer; Ultrasonic sensor; Narrative review; Piezoelectricity; Ultrasound; Environmentally friendly; Ultrasonic imaging; Medical robotics; Emerging technologies","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008451403,0.0009758943,0.001558583,0.003521495,0.0002507245,0.001409728,0.000859373,0.001028682,0.003836811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00146835,0.0004042677,0.0007721489,0.003000301,0.0004417051,0.001507034,0.0007902186,0.001155942,0.001338188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004218575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001635114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001004832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001974717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997442,0.00003419023,0.0000561277,0.00005562058,0.00008888355,0.00002093658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993016,0.0004350257,0.0001195735,0.00001316528,0.0001046162,0.00002608713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001244075,0.00007547744,0.0003211155,0.07836281,0.0001961917,0.0002700393,0.0001034319,0.0003453911,0.003332294,0.002740172,0.01555488,0.8985739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003981825,0.0002237442,0.001300058,0.01486224,0.0007865614,0.00216261,0.0001565191,0.0001647169,0.001462849,0.001481889,0.9773069,0.00005215171],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001093929,0.9992673,0.00008884123,0.00007708641,0.00006919806,0.000005114444,0.00001808465,0.000003239308,0.0003618034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004652996,0.9989869,0.000156387,0.0000879302,0.00006751564,0.000005110001,0.00002261161,8.509135e-7,0.0002073701],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003836811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01283538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0222134293370367,"score_gpt":0.3100001526957396,"score_spread":0.2877867233587029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}