{"id":"W4414511201","doi":"10.1128/jmbe.00160-25","title":"The state of introductory biology following 16 years of pedagogical reform since <i>Vision and Change for Biology Undergraduate Education</i>","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific literacy; State (computer science); Human biology; Undergraduate education; Systems biology; Biological sciences; Curriculum","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003580762,0.00009938369,0.0003412541,0.0002387507,0.0002746405,0.000007225376,0.0002154846,0.0002182576,0.000001771774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001099327,0.00006650526,0.00007734033,0.0002082142,0.001300424,0.00007838634,0.00005859336,0.0002255929,1.721899e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001193502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009523481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003492406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001970891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979807,0.001085831,0.0005328518,0.0001790669,0.00001822754,0.0002033018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976904,0.001066339,0.0006871104,0.0001087073,0.000417158,0.00003028804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002374471,0.0002091586,0.02616363,0.0000391542,0.0001648022,5.335194e-8,0.004763244,8.16547e-8,0.4200943,0.186289,0.0006854136,0.3613537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00141506,0.002114151,0.04468388,0.0002825471,0.0002112374,0.00003931095,0.01387342,0.000002059859,0.01425283,0.4667718,0.456005,0.0003487075],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9777001,0.007088402,0.001068955,0.01094667,0.002633384,0.0002772742,0.00001226038,0.000004459085,0.0002685183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941097,0.001730115,0.003119325,0.0004088483,0.0002911994,0.00001191162,0.0000236142,0.000004133823,0.0003011321],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4553196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4791465,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06596364493202535,"score_gpt":0.4495960023677107,"score_spread":0.3836323574356854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}