{"id":"W4414553256","doi":"10.3390/pr13103077","title":"Optimizing Hole Cleaning in Horizontal Shale Wells: Integrated Simulation Modeling in Bakken Formation Through Insights from South Pars Gas Field","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Oil shale; Directional drilling; Drilling; Drilling fluid; Well control; Rate of penetration; Shale gas; Reservoir simulation; Torque; Permeability (electromagnetism)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005858439,0.0001397614,0.0001984676,0.0002298994,0.00005313395,0.0000709731,0.0001216807,0.000116635,0.00001229538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001487971,0.0001193401,0.00003252567,0.0006429178,0.000006311159,0.0006061051,0.00002791879,0.0002556653,0.000005163476],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009406572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002988784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008395058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001388912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999194,0.0000200148,0.0003235521,0.0001798525,0.0001064184,0.0001761341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996692,0.0001198656,0.00003232016,0.0001119412,0.00004632388,0.00002034548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001492456,0.00001420122,0.0004310921,0.0002755124,0.00001838041,0.000003516366,0.007480704,0.9899655,0.0001051316,0.000002020281,0.000008482885,0.001680516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000273563,0.00000764904,0.00001624405,0.0005175872,0.00001544262,7.225972e-8,0.003135719,0.986232,0.00865855,0.0008602939,0.0001463319,0.0001364932],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6361194,0.001058381,0.3610659,0.00005955797,0.00006379234,0.00007829727,0.000002086581,0.0001230951,0.001429519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981273,0.0002351359,0.001472255,0.00003948877,0.00002944812,0.00001773294,0.00004736852,0.00001461908,0.00001663822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3620079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4866547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01617576591478922,"score_gpt":0.2377572975294269,"score_spread":0.2215815316146376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}