{"id":"W4414640397","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02121","title":"Rapid Quantification of Virus-Like Particles via Gold Nanoparticle Sensors and Dark-Field Differential Dynamic Microscopy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sensors","topic":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biotinylation; Microscopy; Nanoparticle; Fluorescence microscope; Confocal microscopy; Streptavidin; Microfluidics; Colloidal gold; Microscope","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007847831,0.0001587615,0.0002202971,0.0001074365,0.00005843297,0.00003790266,0.00007271314,0.0001231715,0.00002333014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004143059,0.0001538601,0.00006033493,0.0002706033,0.00008598209,0.00008035747,0.00002725162,0.0001354608,0.00001842491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002440534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005669866,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005045919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004382618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990581,0.00004129377,0.0003247233,0.0002237007,0.0001092868,0.0002428753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994942,0.0001103923,0.00004199063,0.000245569,0.00004211859,0.00006570855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000393539,0.00003646539,0.0003892477,0.00007406504,0.00005233479,0.000001470818,0.00007282253,0.0007838063,0.9888779,0.0001576355,0.0003626967,0.009152203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002589359,0.00004837126,0.005640467,0.00003599375,0.0000604112,0.000002569043,0.00006985349,0.138845,0.8542545,0.0002684245,0.0003746049,0.0001408808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966838,0.0002512203,0.00207325,0.0002131979,0.0003255745,0.0001205198,0.000009124627,0.0001404195,0.0001829299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992204,0.0002412309,0.000185352,0.00004193057,0.00001746414,0.000004267263,0.000004152955,0.00001913576,0.0002660748],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1380612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6274232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007175035016478331,"score_gpt":0.2291095776962787,"score_spread":0.2219345426798004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}