{"id":"W4414661319","doi":"10.1029/2025gl116714","title":"The Remarkable 2024 North Atlantic Mid‐Season Hurricane Lull","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ouranos","funders":"Biological and Environmental Research; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Atlantic hurricane; Tropical cyclone; Tropical wave; Storm; Tropical Atlantic; Latitude; Tropical cyclone scales; Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005062826,0.000183748,0.0002380795,0.000144506,0.001204037,0.0004350088,0.001038343,0.00006798675,0.0008223642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006788597,0.0001090683,0.0001557847,0.001714366,0.0009515829,0.0001512299,0.0001457036,0.00128572,0.002694043],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002970916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001462071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02112854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01415723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956014,0.0005884597,0.0002634314,0.0005426652,0.001460189,0.001543873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964034,0.00248239,0.00002486851,0.0005507888,0.000145827,0.0003927208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004320535,0.00008045289,0.7607028,0.00007013615,0.00007869569,0.0001417331,0.00002738463,0.0001182448,0.00118478,0.002073297,0.1476665,0.08742382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002203438,0.0001378941,0.833095,0.00002472229,0.000006904211,0.000001459594,0.00003840314,0.001310861,0.00005940869,0.00264871,0.1623272,0.0001291432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9539256,0.0005220103,0.00006364439,0.03558733,0.0003906111,0.0003566723,0.0000179253,0.00004807975,0.009088136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924932,0.0002347328,0.00006598832,0.0008945573,0.0004467343,0.00001449519,0.00004178168,0.0000054662,0.005803007],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08729468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02101721384592987,"score_gpt":0.2842425217508383,"score_spread":0.2632253079049084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}