{"id":"W4414708640","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.107145","title":"Hybrid geometric optimization of wavy tubes with Y-shaped fins for enhanced solidification in latent heat storage systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","topic":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University; Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University; Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University","keywords":"Fin; Thermal conductivity; Heat transfer; Work (physics); Thermal; Thermal energy storage; Phase-change material; Amplitude; Coupling (piping); Latent heat","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001615559,0.0001633762,0.0003035168,0.0005117229,0.00002760326,0.00001050063,0.00005627569,0.00004739112,0.00000128933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006005256,0.000157563,0.00003016901,0.0006437019,0.00001767821,0.0001162906,0.00001131806,0.00009291685,2.013667e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001927818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000126788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001353489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006748523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992326,0.00001281629,0.0003171412,0.0001542962,0.00007035029,0.0002127322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996318,0.0001328559,0.000007978393,0.000127569,0.00007875272,0.00002107194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000218633,0.00001903687,0.00005652642,0.001031422,0.00006920765,0.00003729665,0.0005697762,0.9911779,0.006742058,0.00005474761,0.000003003113,0.0002171974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007565097,0.00003770011,0.0001434086,0.0003612685,0.00002385784,0.00001661868,0.000242303,0.979207,0.01905994,6.395595e-7,0.000005861616,0.0001448931],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4453883,0.001798256,0.5520608,0.000005429802,0.0002209253,0.0003913069,0.00001079845,0.00007004783,0.00005423174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973605,0.0003842424,0.001927959,0.000002684208,0.00002322098,0.0002472467,0.00001563202,0.0000292842,0.000009182728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5519723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6425232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01608173121627738,"score_gpt":0.2412845456134207,"score_spread":0.2252028143971433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}