{"id":"W4414749801","doi":"10.5194/angeo-43-579-2025","title":"Modulation of cosmic-ray ground-level enhancements by solar-wind stream interfaces: a case study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annales Geophysicae","topic":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Interplanetary spaceflight; Acceleration; Diffusion; Particle acceleration; Interplanetary medium; Interplanetary magnetic field; Neutron monitor; Scattering; Modulation (music)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002743341,0.0003421867,0.0002722143,0.0003447458,0.0002969684,0.0005719311,0.0003975971,0.0006186426,0.0008720452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006196054,0.0001266497,0.0003951427,0.0004102521,0.0002211058,0.0003169994,0.0003301634,0.0003733919,0.0001340236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004176182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002051379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009169215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009811165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999263,0.00002090848,0.00000412877,0.00001732329,0.00001455931,0.00001666175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997315,0.0001377821,0.00003394868,0.0000271395,0.00003116551,0.00003841958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008139458,0.0005193053,0.242659,0.0002264829,0.0003032331,0.009905087,0.0004539165,0.6945798,0.02006778,0.006247856,0.003031172,0.02119249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007766581,0.0003506511,0.09984012,0.00003159652,0.0001217594,0.0006622251,0.0004849554,0.8857738,0.007287353,0.001939417,0.003379829,0.00005063725],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951003,0.0001344,0.002449149,0.00006608849,0.00001181487,0.00001971102,0.0002984729,0.00005526099,0.001864826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986575,0.00006727514,0.0008305542,0.000006733397,0.000006004545,0.00000440785,0.0001254172,0.000008933037,0.0002932455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009169215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01823169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01553072468243248,"score_gpt":0.2763373812244321,"score_spread":0.2608066565419996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}