{"id":"W4414765763","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v16n2p53","title":"Discursive Resistance to Orientalism: A Critical Approach to an Ideological Justification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Globalization and Cultural Identity","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Foregrounding; Orientalism; Hegemony; Islam; Perspective (graphical); Resistance (ecology); Critical discourse analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006076434,0.00006903255,0.0001453031,0.0001458909,0.0002388245,0.0001755766,0.0003444553,0.0000426491,0.0001258888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006104765,0.00005550982,0.00006331547,0.001006334,0.00009938919,0.0003296562,0.00003576307,0.0001290765,0.000008448539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001468314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006763048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001000252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004381324,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998837,0.0002211643,0.0002574144,0.0001480749,0.0003474553,0.0001889187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986683,0.00005710479,0.00006757547,0.000118754,0.00082212,0.0002661972],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008003671,0.0002464551,0.000991207,0.00001551098,0.00001402381,0.00001684067,0.1191776,0.00005525996,0.0002790807,0.7937138,0.08476432,0.0006458298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000378674,0.00006026766,0.01122953,0.000157314,0.00007876509,0.000001356074,0.2736759,0.000004948452,0.0003146317,0.003074033,0.7107751,0.0002495589],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3909495,0.0008571778,0.01092247,0.01299433,0.004238495,0.0005657151,0.00002645131,0.0001187168,0.5793271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833502,0.000004871569,0.003252162,0.001373081,0.0005773771,0.000005074867,0.000004447799,0.00000309901,0.01142969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7906398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7308415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01715475386549195,"score_gpt":0.3465746006267668,"score_spread":0.3294198467612748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}