{"id":"W4414793608","doi":"10.1080/10926488.2025.2465352","title":"Individual Variation in Metaphor Interpretation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metaphor and Symbol","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Western University","keywords":"Interpretation (philosophy); Multiculturalism; Metaphor; Variation (astronomy); Domain (mathematical analysis); Cultural diversity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007616188,0.0001754409,0.000308853,0.0005171747,0.0000740619,0.00007722017,0.0001382757,0.0001575283,0.0006538827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001148722,0.0001566208,0.00008799988,0.0005389222,0.00004641403,0.0001601488,0.00004275906,0.0002084343,0.00008699357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002595369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002663005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002955648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001423153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984671,0.000326925,0.0003849019,0.000402163,0.000166821,0.0002520283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994146,0.0001562453,0.00008169311,0.0002440152,0.00005417732,0.00004931298],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001282926,0.001368329,0.03216054,0.000222203,0.002251469,0.0001147263,0.1230502,0.00001142103,0.0159995,0.2048597,0.006631596,0.6120474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003261284,0.0001695047,0.9474097,0.00009099775,0.0007856439,0.00001904842,0.01167795,0.0005618716,0.002094971,0.02971679,0.003724304,0.0004879397],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9329258,0.003253235,0.006833328,0.000270894,0.001208455,0.0004637199,0.00002920881,0.00007849138,0.05493692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959832,0.00004059523,0.0002786601,0.0007813795,0.00005542038,0.0001586163,0.0000512256,0.00001296557,0.002637918],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9152492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7159557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01564776677323132,"score_gpt":0.2994591791608444,"score_spread":0.2838114123876131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}