{"id":"W4414823168","doi":"10.1016/j.colsuc.2025.100081","title":"Quantifying particle size effects on CO2 evolution at solid–liquid interfaces of calcium carbonate in acidic media","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces C Environmental Aspects","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Olds College; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dissolution; Particle size; Calcium carbonate; Particle (ecology); Porosity; Carbonate; Porous medium; Kinetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002753166,0.0001829682,0.0002898361,0.00007633157,0.0001082872,0.00003188397,0.00009444396,0.00009461903,0.0001286221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008433043,0.0001738351,0.00004268916,0.0001867415,0.0002964402,0.0001450517,0.0001677799,0.00008367823,0.00001666573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003829516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002391785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008412342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002729409,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986115,0.0001265555,0.0003431304,0.0003704207,0.0002602061,0.0002881621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993734,0.0002730735,0.0001047233,0.0001616493,0.000007905781,0.00007928773],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002949661,0.0001072841,0.00921331,0.00008066022,0.000006383614,0.000007477354,0.0004104593,0.0007573892,0.9877319,0.001310975,0.00002510728,0.00005407286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001047877,0.0002457298,0.04834415,0.0001855406,0.00001609621,0.000001713866,0.0005038828,0.00220887,0.9470288,0.0001995332,0.00005684868,0.000161015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968426,0.001116147,0.0000284616,0.0001664204,0.0003347508,0.0003062141,0.00003289892,0.00003360521,0.001138932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994774,0.0001467838,0.00003225315,0.0000940989,0.00001373747,0.0000193056,0.00001083496,0.00001267883,0.0001928497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04070317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7088791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01196900789038327,"score_gpt":0.2447502382127364,"score_spread":0.2327812303223531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}