{"id":"W4414827418","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-38.3.222","title":"Kinematics theory of balls and light versus the theory of special relativity—June 2025","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics Essays","topic":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"One-way speed of light; Inertial frame of reference; Kinematics; Speed of light (cellular automaton); Lorentz transformation; Moving magnet and conductor problem; Ball (mathematics); Reference frame; Invariant (physics); Fictitious force","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001084109,0.0007250475,0.0005619603,0.001062889,0.001960121,0.003315117,0.0005325759,0.001490151,0.01426302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001383348,0.000279525,0.0005760643,0.0009745627,0.005012274,0.004506226,0.001289707,0.003117561,0.00394473],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005795896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002153395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008848174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005898381,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994026,0.0003007402,0.00002485641,0.00008863871,0.0001359931,0.000047128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996614,0.0001160185,0.00004115847,0.00004579341,0.00008692698,0.00004875771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004241953,0.000002384745,0.00003272528,0.0000111024,0.000001776177,0.000009009913,0.00008092559,0.0001138197,0.00002080765,0.9860153,0.01066612,0.003041818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005525293,0.00001278209,0.0002069242,0.0000461027,0.000004555266,0.00004562455,0.00008023188,0.0006317965,0.00004971607,0.7322636,0.2666462,0.000006928816],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.006617964,0.08293538,0.04028815,0.06637705,0.01223499,0.0000380263,0.0003940785,0.0002135419,0.7909008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4239721,0.07225403,0.02296005,0.01252918,0.02435365,0.0001829301,0.0008058955,0.0004455423,0.4424965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01426302,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04771459,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01674453855706262,"score_gpt":0.2658401665251552,"score_spread":0.2490956279680926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}