{"id":"W4414838094","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104174","title":"A holistic study on solar photovoltaic-based cleaner hydrogen production facilities: Economic and performance assessments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Photovoltaic system; Hydrogen; Hydrogen storage; Cost of electricity by source; Production (economics); Solar power; Storage tank","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005195586,0.0006500361,0.0004804467,0.0009400146,0.000497682,0.001468205,0.0006009183,0.000593395,0.002331244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000746274,0.0003038369,0.0007107554,0.001341537,0.0004450515,0.001240011,0.0005928303,0.000267058,0.0002070002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004455166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001313788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03549236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06716206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996852,0.000059441,0.000007243379,0.0000375714,0.0001416855,0.00006889144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997223,0.0001006425,0.00004050553,0.00002270753,0.00009241034,0.00002141007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002483901,0.0001602373,0.0308964,0.0003377667,0.0001674297,0.0008562474,0.000131108,0.9088105,0.01816094,0.00496474,0.000659695,0.03460658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006405891,0.001878263,0.1726319,0.00008852108,0.0003279209,0.000523824,0.002061527,0.791007,0.02167513,0.004070027,0.005562473,0.000109274],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9779583,0.0003313163,0.008215231,0.0001229442,0.000003264676,0.000161434,0.00104184,0.00004727103,0.01211848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994615,0.0003220432,0.003138319,0.000009137092,0.000001872145,0.00003657518,0.0002533432,0.000008418157,0.001615252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03549236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07057154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01744165682930256,"score_gpt":0.2616058929817363,"score_spread":0.2441642361524337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}