{"id":"W4414907885","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202556085","title":"Brightest group galaxies in COSMOS-Web: Evolution of the size-mass relation since z = 3.7","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics; University of Victoria","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Galaxy; Redshift; COSMIC cancer database; Star formation; Stellar mass; RADIUS; Galaxy formation and evolution; Effective radius","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001374864,0.0002640334,0.0003446906,0.00008250716,0.000238266,0.00005468221,0.0003286726,0.00005320624,0.00004026354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001636427,0.000218882,0.0001713106,0.0006065021,0.0003588654,0.0003450121,0.0002075554,0.0004739348,0.000009764237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009710513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002263113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000229509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008168124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983765,0.0001312316,0.0004212715,0.0003922563,0.0002244235,0.0004543327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990196,0.0002552474,0.0001970106,0.000377403,0.00007631154,0.00007440628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009377804,0.0003040781,0.6728978,0.00001806484,0.00007708279,2.830591e-7,0.00004856299,0.0006170084,0.01040345,0.1818393,0.00005101432,0.1336496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001437023,0.0001184179,0.9741268,0.0002297104,0.00004924979,1.304981e-7,0.0005765377,0.001131892,0.008068643,0.01090222,0.003102777,0.0002565796],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6794186,0.0000543912,0.3177322,0.0002139463,0.0001219836,0.0003624941,0.00004474443,0.00001659819,0.002035096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920394,0.000001349011,0.007420234,0.000005087727,0.0001549275,0.00004429041,0.00001864006,0.00001452161,0.0003014956],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3126209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8925748,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004305199441258771,"score_gpt":0.2212557501142919,"score_spread":0.2169505506730331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}