{"id":"W4414934099","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2025.09.013","title":"Canadian ophthalmology workforce trends from 1971 to 2022: longitudinal analysis of age, sex, and distribution compared to other surgical specialties","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology","topic":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Université Laval; Université de Montréal; Manitoba Beekeepers' Association; Queen's University; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Workforce; Distribution (mathematics); Population; Longitudinal study; MEDLINE","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008207862,0.0003192523,0.0003179313,0.002402301,0.001298623,0.0008355865,0.001086608,0.0004765047,0.001755726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002522516,0.0002612573,0.0005780945,0.005467244,0.0003388471,0.0004912515,0.0006697662,0.0007140781,0.0002782707],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01866485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02679491,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9869511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9881456,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990401,0.00004134771,0.00004171916,0.000131499,0.0004204448,0.0003250035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977586,0.00007448155,0.0004020234,0.00004142938,0.00131183,0.0004115685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"incentives","domain_candidate":"incentives","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005508347,0.00002828837,0.9908307,0.0000526332,0.00005721628,0.00005799489,0.0003253545,0.0001669366,0.0001036156,0.00006707748,0.003524973,0.004730167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003970968,0.0000151142,0.9979479,0.00003023921,0.00001384864,0.00003600607,0.0005017398,0.0002220773,0.00002795947,0.000008622917,0.001186398,0.000006022649],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9549154,0.001861264,0.0002260641,0.00101634,0.00004004881,0.00007165584,0.03886851,0.00003736735,0.002963279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853604,0.001037096,0.0002554521,0.0001695375,0.00001627797,0.00004379738,0.01239779,0.000006209289,0.0007133741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9991792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1354236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04998758609365508,"score_gpt":0.3349966205731153,"score_spread":0.2850090344794602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}