{"id":"W4414935864","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors13100365","title":"Reverse Titration Using Tablets for Accurate Water Hardness Measurement with Improved Resistance to Interference","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosensors","topic":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Eriochrome Black T; Titration; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Pullulan; Complexometric titration; Dissolution; Reagent; Interference (communication)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001607374,0.0001967045,0.0002330199,0.00003774891,0.00008802878,0.00004103147,0.0001526194,0.00009621783,0.00004141645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002662949,0.000147979,0.00006162988,0.0001719324,0.00003453909,0.00008606746,0.00003559043,0.0001357284,0.00001174203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002266639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003884036,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008878082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001501894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988707,0.000008392186,0.0002505425,0.0003608941,0.0001590262,0.0003504692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992671,0.00003299198,0.00003504758,0.0002736033,0.0002877054,0.0001035425],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003389234,0.00002187292,0.00000946673,0.0002526968,0.00005274425,0.000002576234,0.0001202144,0.001496885,0.9967585,0.0001505784,0.0007449207,0.00005068582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004664213,0.0000140826,0.000006155602,0.0002476495,0.0000604335,9.650142e-7,0.0001084243,0.02913117,0.9636513,0.00006954619,0.006023217,0.000220618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7268342,0.00003796514,0.2649148,0.00172665,0.0002106845,0.0006671227,0.00002038964,0.0001881448,0.005399945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825476,0.000001247428,0.005089647,0.0002806715,0.00005747254,0.00003225581,0.00001118226,0.0000217371,0.01195818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2598252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6034409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03525502266372577,"score_gpt":0.263520579591992,"score_spread":0.2282655569282662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}