{"id":"W4414954187","doi":"10.1115/pvp2025-155028","title":"Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Running Ductile Fractures in CO2 Pipelines With Toroidal Ring Crack Arrestors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Pipeline transport; Fracture (geology); Toroid; Fluid–structure interaction; Pipeline (software); Fracture mechanics; Piping","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002390214,0.0004949008,0.0004921845,0.0006520206,0.0005014907,0.0004418106,0.0006265153,0.0007553466,0.0008785265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000454438,0.0002374242,0.000538771,0.0002805211,0.0006456923,0.0002894916,0.0004161655,0.0003680691,0.0000935077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006481156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006360399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01133869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005751258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998417,0.00002196239,0.000007605403,0.00002538436,0.00005638474,0.00004690585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997315,0.00009855186,0.00006988274,0.00001814838,0.00005872321,0.00002322317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001681432,0.0001282008,0.006544177,0.00005575017,0.00002479133,0.0003652645,0.00007188853,0.9481129,0.04080831,0.0004446791,0.00009494645,0.003181054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007968848,0.0001176164,0.002027314,0.000002556661,0.000006953695,0.0000190323,0.00003766474,0.991354,0.006278556,0.00005189289,0.00008846696,0.000007981573],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905164,0.00005491863,0.008209906,0.00002668507,0.000005144366,0.00002190253,0.00005624496,0.00007144034,0.001037371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985704,0.00001754163,0.001105941,0.000002742963,7.164787e-7,0.000009599434,0.00002033356,0.000004325067,0.000268421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01133869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02254534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005903199213932186,"score_gpt":0.2483629699925345,"score_spread":0.2424597707786024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}