{"id":"W4414957213","doi":"10.21991/cf29498","title":"Deconstructing City of Toronto: Unwritten Constitutional Principles and Responsive Judicial Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel","topic":"Law in Society and Culture","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitutionalism; Judicial review; Supreme court; Democracy; Constitutional law; Judicial activism; Key (lock); Judicial opinion","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0147766,0.0004296381,0.0004494741,0.002427333,0.01730454,0.01688497,0.002739049,0.006271433,0.00238118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02416579,0.0006241421,0.0004256086,0.002180968,0.03684151,0.004849317,0.005285632,0.006827543,0.0002735912],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.09814317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1407545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8322132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9138092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9746961,0.008928265,0.0008002528,0.002668337,0.008592704,0.004314414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9877693,0.006720014,0.0007690469,0.001098617,0.002583672,0.001059402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002850627,0.000001279929,0.000160669,0.00001460754,0.000003088238,0.00005501294,0.003352548,0.000229284,0.00006857586,0.99044,0.002676393,0.002995735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004461972,0.00002674653,0.003605957,0.0003243197,0.00005685904,0.0001725191,0.009669428,0.002703627,0.001030991,0.5906375,0.391587,0.0001403605],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05810653,0.01594546,0.0538035,0.181595,0.001036467,0.0003493364,0.0002319679,0.0002289973,0.6887028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9396585,0.002526779,0.009480394,0.01056053,0.0002667208,0.0001374671,0.0000447834,0.00006085143,0.0372639],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1677868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7120818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0248174434991898,"score_gpt":0.3192059802164962,"score_spread":0.2943885367173064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}