{"id":"W4415000828","doi":"10.1111/rmir.70024","title":"Insurers' M&amp;As in the United States during the 1990‒2022 period: Is the Fed monetary policy a causal factor?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Risk Management and Insurance Review","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Life insurance; Profitability index; Shock (circulatory); Monetary policy; Underwriting; Instrumental variable; Causality (physics); Federal funds","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001476685,0.0001280342,0.0001840987,0.001159717,0.0002215891,0.001038095,0.0002024998,0.0005165762,0.0008148631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002981767,0.00009363976,0.0002820569,0.001637127,0.0002647899,0.0004122977,0.0004622815,0.0006867962,0.0001043841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001055892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001494417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02799337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03255961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996288,0.0000958236,0.000044324,0.00004260654,0.0001100072,0.00007839742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997129,0.0004594325,0.001829019,0.00003185192,0.0003797084,0.0001710709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000462336,0.0001989139,0.8170654,0.001521104,0.0004483606,0.000562285,0.0007907088,0.001378468,0.000547655,0.01155367,0.01918921,0.1462819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001980022,0.0001034026,0.9709358,0.0009774166,0.0001863694,0.0002139507,0.001177916,0.0007568685,0.0003042152,0.0007632326,0.02454656,0.00001440249],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7473735,0.2291614,0.0001914933,0.01279894,0.000266526,0.00001639915,0.001721013,0.000008085946,0.008462569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9146221,0.08244102,0.000112576,0.000814401,0.0003222407,0.000006508866,0.0008314042,0.000001996758,0.0008478414],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02799337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0556609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0364929794771827,"score_gpt":0.2599759351477779,"score_spread":0.2234829556705952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}