{"id":"W4415030761","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.00935-25","title":"Reproducible 3D bioprinting of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> to create model oral biofilms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microbiology Spectrum","topic":"Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; University of Rochester; University of Oregon; Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation","keywords":"Biofilm; Streptococcus mutans; Virulence; Homogeneous; Virulence factor; Agar","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002774536,0.000242473,0.0003468136,0.0001363091,0.00009673637,0.00001865102,0.0002614784,0.0002872651,0.00002887538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008889633,0.000230604,0.0001172184,0.0003122884,0.0001591397,0.000003555993,0.0003432288,0.0001190227,0.00002111752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001942401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000123277,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001021258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001004655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982232,0.00005554848,0.0004027621,0.0008135448,0.00002803396,0.0004768648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989557,0.000008279124,0.0001188114,0.0007687382,0.00008631741,0.00006221273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001477143,0.00005497675,0.0023786,0.00002010381,0.00008048112,0.000002198362,0.0000209106,0.0001965363,0.993876,0.000275837,0.00211667,0.0008299977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003815476,0.0001895494,0.0005750026,0.0000342309,0.00002809009,0.00001765613,0.0000201272,0.00006076905,0.9796696,0.00004011819,0.01875644,0.0002269045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942322,0.00019822,0.0006939345,0.001148595,0.0003955178,0.0003203344,0.00009562237,0.00003336853,0.002882229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900708,0.0000344519,0.006412386,0.0009188512,0.0001090904,0.000009567849,0.0001571163,0.0000231907,0.002264607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01663977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9403756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007726692324718129,"score_gpt":0.2435122570580052,"score_spread":0.2357855647332871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}