{"id":"W4415100998","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics17101321","title":"Advances in Nasal Biopharmaceutics to Support Product Development and Therapeutic Needs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Pharmaceutics","topic":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biopharmaceutics; Product (mathematics); Nasal spray; Drug delivery; Drug; Nose; Biopharmaceutics Classification System","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005588089,0.0006144348,0.001653179,0.00113337,0.0001075942,0.00004253871,0.0003048574,0.0001741112,0.0001233162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007062429,0.0004749461,0.0001894263,0.001419274,0.0001216885,0.00005851898,0.000381966,0.001047948,0.0001492464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002296145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001562706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003888973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006855364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970863,0.0001419913,0.0008571033,0.0005894501,0.000560842,0.000764259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986966,0.0002835342,0.0001202004,0.0003002517,0.0001156787,0.0004837184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001270146,0.0001649406,0.0003400127,0.05033501,0.0001681798,0.0001401175,0.0002598982,7.430674e-7,0.000009620467,0.00009954096,0.0002251241,0.9481298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000591593,0.0001071893,0.00002162199,0.007031451,0.0005799842,0.0001603944,0.00003005557,0.00001715282,0.0003494154,0.00001131049,0.9906582,0.0004416121],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001384342,0.9923746,0.00001017833,0.0005389206,0.000441516,0.002153276,0.00004879024,0.00005319267,0.004241075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001231272,0.9901009,0.0008271025,0.001280931,0.0002783817,0.0002255565,0.0001140696,0.00005890583,0.006991046],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9904331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1588928696306648,"score_gpt":0.494682051157576,"score_spread":0.3357891815269112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}