{"id":"W4415184265","doi":"10.1007/s12015-025-10989-3","title":"From Biological Waste to Therapeutic Resources: A Comprehensive Review of Stem Cell Sources, Characterization, and Biomedical Potentials","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Stem Cell Reviews and Reports","topic":"Pluripotent Stem Cells Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University Hospital Foundation","funders":"Università degli Studi di Pavia; Fondazione Umberto Veronesi","keywords":"Stem cell; Regenerative medicine; Mesenchymal stem cell; Stem-cell therapy; Cell therapy; Induced pluripotent stem cell; Adipose tissue; Umbilical cord","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000922019,0.001090738,0.001464651,0.00376058,0.0004603044,0.001959417,0.0008173605,0.00137925,0.003107558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000849799,0.0004196775,0.0008087684,0.003987384,0.0008551169,0.002537409,0.00103448,0.002042359,0.001456591],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007686543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001427751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001034599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001581096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995393,0.00008609451,0.00009097331,0.00007097844,0.0001748925,0.00003792303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993848,0.0003925623,0.00007091856,0.00001716827,0.0001051501,0.00002935219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007780769,0.0001383397,0.0002791448,0.04002683,0.00007978361,0.0003887877,0.0002667623,0.0007188306,0.006871808,0.01192639,0.0303798,0.9088457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005503057,0.0001067938,0.0004417452,0.005114122,0.00006743422,0.0009383768,0.0001156603,0.00009105803,0.001624976,0.002561269,0.9889086,0.00002443354],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001901972,0.9979209,0.0003257534,0.0002647236,0.0001990603,0.000007283526,0.00002398047,0.000007316644,0.001060767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007372745,0.9977961,0.0003793114,0.0003156564,0.0001821178,0.00001352921,0.00004208887,0.000003606267,0.000530321],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00376058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01039577,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03565091894184429,"score_gpt":0.3088746174020511,"score_spread":0.2732236984602068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}