{"id":"W4415240354","doi":"10.12927/hcpap.2025.27696","title":"How to Achieve Meaningful Change","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"A Nudge Too Far? A Nudge at All? On Paying People to Be Healthy","topic":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Public Health Ontario","funders":"","keywords":"Remuneration; Accountability; Payment; Health policy; Health care; Health management system; Public health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1176843,0.003113633,0.003049577,0.004469004,0.01098482,0.02832776,0.005154046,0.01779488,0.01921827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1845115,0.0009695131,0.002743803,0.002671599,0.03066662,0.02444472,0.02253694,0.02211039,0.01022584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01132297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05666361,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004840997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035003,"domain_scores_codex":[0.845961,0.07940231,0.006808669,0.01182027,0.04264573,0.01336204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8481083,0.07795968,0.007312116,0.01792108,0.02270843,0.02599041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001324874,0.0006978477,0.002247576,0.00280131,0.0003900994,0.0004108482,0.01161785,0.002384886,0.0005991827,0.4914215,0.2511722,0.2361243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001651877,0.0003035726,0.001389905,0.003014855,0.00008184942,0.0001863528,0.008682521,0.0009100072,0.0005534806,0.632241,0.3523772,0.00009398968],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005327095,0.014657,0.07016293,0.7873466,0.01167218,0.001442168,0.0002312062,0.001048825,0.1081121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3752798,0.02243413,0.2542831,0.2967932,0.01147474,0.005799393,0.0006634284,0.001312843,0.03195938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1176843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6223814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3129481228548567,"score_gpt":0.4942154762005411,"score_spread":0.1812673533456844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}