{"id":"W4415261227","doi":"10.1038/s41577-025-01226-6","title":"Astroimmunology: the effects of spaceflight and its associated stressors on the immune system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature reviews. Immunology","topic":"Spaceflight effects on biology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Sinai Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Buck Institute for Research on Aging","keywords":"Spaceflight; Stressor; Immune system; Human spaceflight; Weightlessness; Space exploration; Immunity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002694901,0.001266905,0.007857697,0.0005769477,0.0002829526,0.00002235404,0.001224044,0.004029831,0.00003610542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01326389,0.0005608904,0.00147554,0.001392156,0.0006206951,0.00003413651,0.0005710908,0.0062067,0.0001492186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004578333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004582991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001271117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000485215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9890034,0.007179004,0.001709211,0.0009615826,0.000305549,0.0008412827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9834296,0.01167934,0.0023359,0.00219991,0.0002883349,0.00006687925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002179817,0.0003470606,0.00001252572,0.1695738,0.008565087,0.0001469134,0.00009698635,2.467903e-8,0.0005247772,0.04207581,0.00384294,0.7745961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008291371,0.0009771703,0.0001727228,0.1377043,0.00406978,0.0003928409,0.00002496174,8.915159e-7,0.0003620212,0.000007755632,0.8551211,0.0003373907],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009381298,0.9850611,0.000001511065,0.001525178,0.002627968,0.00925061,0.00005686014,0.0001296231,0.00125331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006734243,0.9958081,0.00001410064,0.0003282807,0.0001459352,0.001128038,0.0001736873,0.00009255174,0.001635894],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8512781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01191630138731603,"score_gpt":0.3134200579934724,"score_spread":0.3015037566061564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}