{"id":"W4415408014","doi":"10.1039/d5em00334b","title":"Size-resolved analyses of trace elements in snow from an open-pit bitumen mining and upgrading region","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Processes & Impacts","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Snow; Fraction (chemistry); Smelting; Particulates; Trace metal; Asphalt; Arctic; Temperate climate; Contamination","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005583528,0.0001702187,0.0001610226,0.0007386035,0.0007932538,0.0002993485,0.0001952023,0.0001710061,0.0004830578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008935104,0.00008880036,0.000194452,0.0003915956,0.000165227,0.00009981698,0.0002381713,0.0001452695,0.0001189172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004678653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004852428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08472411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2016085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999935,0.000002398751,0.00000351723,0.0000158794,0.00002703837,0.00001599473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999212,0.000006777115,0.00001089843,0.000002739377,0.00004148027,0.00001694934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001578403,0.0000411431,0.1818829,0.00006114913,0.00004987274,0.0006937988,0.0008859823,0.0003238916,0.8067801,0.00005364926,0.0001312824,0.008938404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001115303,0.0001240428,0.9230531,0.00001837808,0.00004013505,0.0005873129,0.001933618,0.001754168,0.06961989,0.00007068571,0.00277746,0.000009993283],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986885,0.00007165239,0.0003625147,0.000007943228,0.000002754599,0.000009533854,0.0003588874,0.000007436709,0.000490691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958894,0.0002347424,0.001908202,0.00003695288,0.00000605592,0.00001289949,0.0008857972,0.000009165697,0.001016862],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08472411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.168462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04404342991282757,"score_gpt":0.3635176739623818,"score_spread":0.3194742440495543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}