{"id":"W4415436738","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104721","title":"Development and application of a new simple algorithm for stochastic modeling of daily ground snow loads: A case study in Northeastern China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Snow; Probabilistic logic; Replicate; Stochastic simulation; Bootstrapping (finance); Ground truth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000244086,0.00006348072,0.0001283196,0.0002339356,0.0001542769,0.000008288337,0.0001468252,0.00006112021,7.082051e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002696545,0.00005056386,0.000007504577,0.001012153,0.0004465556,0.00007366559,0.000204344,0.00006005306,2.30761e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004739911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009419309,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001067655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018076,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993073,0.000003842588,0.0001875874,0.0002568388,0.0001012729,0.0001431781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997188,0.00001636474,0.00005547917,0.000155371,0.00002188196,0.00003208778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002054166,0.0004316648,0.03166305,0.00003251667,0.00002270324,0.00002972238,0.00477569,0.005766604,0.00371401,0.003484762,0.00001699279,0.9500418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001281345,0.0002400986,0.002679765,0.00005402089,0.0000304546,0.0001330654,0.008934078,0.9802728,0.0006073902,0.005396768,0.0002305341,0.0001396215],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7973316,0.00006642447,0.20195,0.0001452383,0.00001103721,0.0004558873,8.449197e-7,0.000009779014,0.00002909775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947762,0.000008031066,0.005119684,0.000006921904,0.00000140867,0.00004948852,3.241636e-7,0.000002225301,0.0000356686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9745063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2061934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01209406807586932,"score_gpt":0.2560722786503632,"score_spread":0.2439782105744939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}