{"id":"W4415483932","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2025-0107","title":"Comparing economics and nitrogen fertilizer costs between diversified and intensified cropping systems in western Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","topic":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund; University of Manitoba; Millar College of the Bible; Lethbridge College; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Brandon University","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Manitoba Crop Alliance; Alberta Wheat Commission","keywords":"Cropping; Fertilizer; Crop; Cropping system; Crop yield; Canola; Revenue; Crop residue","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005137549,0.000369372,0.0003351325,0.000621873,0.001251868,0.001185453,0.0008750419,0.0002152786,0.0008609946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001162362,0.0002263657,0.0003400446,0.001536225,0.0007720845,0.0003905992,0.0006508311,0.0003533677,0.00006513529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.05438438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0358778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9928376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9974847,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993931,0.00005433812,0.00002614494,0.0001000228,0.0001931181,0.0002333496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999083,0.00008559768,0.0001114721,0.00003923981,0.0004266713,0.0002540598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002200714,0.0005820865,0.8578715,0.0003386559,0.0005000959,0.001250825,0.002166687,0.02576459,0.02431818,0.002507835,0.001786791,0.08071204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007533101,0.0003824158,0.9788162,0.00003864577,0.0001180451,0.00009747247,0.0037637,0.01029619,0.002370855,0.0002204778,0.003771646,0.00004894516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998203,0.0001336618,0.0001197702,0.00005264837,0.00000162189,0.00003343688,0.0003323842,0.000006765301,0.001116573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969964,0.0002956023,0.0007143265,0.0000462844,0.000001115812,0.00001904679,0.0005417948,0.000004673003,0.001380791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05438438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3945882,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03556921760588685,"score_gpt":0.2088070248391198,"score_spread":0.1732378072332329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}