{"id":"W4415564268","doi":"10.1186/s40517-025-00363-4","title":"Groundwater-induced advective heat transfer in U-shaped closed-loop geothermal system: application for a Red Sea rift sedimentary basin","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geothermal Energy","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Energy; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Geothermal gradient; Aquifer; Groundwater flow; Sedimentary basin; Geothermal heating; Sedimentary rock; Geothermal energy; Groundwater; Structural basin","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002000179,0.0002986951,0.0002905828,0.0001907657,0.0002730487,0.000464105,0.0003680489,0.0004545691,0.0004559424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003971514,0.000175697,0.0003565258,0.0002232181,0.0004489344,0.0003704,0.000342737,0.0001938914,0.00004263177],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006593648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003883731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01174635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007559867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999301,0.00001923797,0.000003731382,0.00001904553,0.00001216333,0.00001567292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998184,0.0000862036,0.00002922371,0.00001726321,0.00003248157,0.00001641888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001847103,0.0001218098,0.00868863,0.00006089938,0.00002959827,0.0003340274,0.00008352682,0.9488463,0.03480197,0.0003314959,0.0001063661,0.006410697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001688888,0.0001353452,0.002029463,0.000002005135,0.00001135674,0.00001298538,0.00002780854,0.9918994,0.005686424,0.00008805104,0.00008231795,0.000008081632],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935649,0.00004334424,0.005870849,0.00002250869,0.000003963921,0.000007714189,0.00003197467,0.00008241797,0.0003724003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992029,0.0000098205,0.0006849818,0.000001911147,3.725258e-7,0.000002628672,0.000008578967,0.000001777719,0.00008708728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01174635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02335596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0097561433008423,"score_gpt":0.228163970817627,"score_spread":0.2184078275167847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}