{"id":"W4415666409","doi":"10.1016/j.proci.2025.105940","title":"Silicon dust flames: A pathway to using silicon as a carbon-free energy carrier","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","topic":"Combustion and Detonation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Space Agency; Foundation for Angelman Syndrome Therapeutics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Silicon; Combustion; Particle (ecology); Aluminium; Silicon monoxide; Laminar flow; Amorphous silicon; Monocrystalline silicon; Crystalline silicon","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001563017,0.0002431341,0.0002686375,0.0003708013,0.0001687076,0.00008515535,0.0006006486,0.0001400871,0.00002292653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005383374,0.0002187241,0.0001030495,0.001246058,0.0001024552,0.000334375,0.0002581944,0.0001897236,0.000003303129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002041004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001449189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001322785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006327302,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987314,0.00000557453,0.0004275257,0.0002697528,0.0003150623,0.0002506538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990231,0.00002824248,0.0001024961,0.0002522823,0.0004909132,0.0001029815],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002263617,0.0002193147,0.00604754,0.002028635,0.0003656776,0.00000339666,0.00193029,0.1892944,0.3757751,0.3916391,0.01920078,0.01326939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001757923,0.00007598626,0.001807141,0.001357104,0.0001737721,0.00003492263,0.0008148231,0.08454442,0.7948548,0.01306244,0.1007125,0.0008042277],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556291,0.0002679363,0.001288213,0.0009373621,0.001744285,0.0003287361,0.00001696737,0.0004263095,0.03936112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972539,0.00003565938,0.0002272303,0.0005046671,0.00008336491,0.00005192758,0.00000235821,0.00002628896,0.001814619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4190796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8919308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01127705207004141,"score_gpt":0.2277970823825343,"score_spread":0.2165200303124929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}