{"id":"W4415720243","doi":"10.5539/cis.v18n2p58","title":"Malware – Common Attacks & Preventions","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Computer and Information Science","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Malware; Adversarial system; Automation; Phishing; Adversarial machine learning; Intrusion detection system; Cryptovirology; Corporate governance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004349725,0.000633669,0.000366036,0.006315127,0.002755916,0.004355656,0.001087037,0.001803162,0.003096946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0177502,0.0002938299,0.0006407162,0.00365865,0.004451876,0.006630014,0.003322565,0.001745812,0.000880483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002884708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004397782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002741148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003707642,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931765,0.002165822,0.0005694351,0.0006750212,0.002842997,0.0005701567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9838711,0.007734591,0.003860051,0.001370603,0.002740893,0.0004227857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005544255,0.00009450056,0.02796437,0.004242136,0.0001040218,0.002568969,0.02274383,0.001813814,0.003457018,0.255843,0.02201264,0.6591003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001479197,0.0002437442,0.03140304,0.01088361,0.0001353597,0.01187479,0.04079247,0.002643522,0.009577413,0.08521488,0.8070993,0.0001170275],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.2994538,0.1665454,0.06522113,0.05499372,0.001896899,0.00106379,0.001048795,0.0009668138,0.4088097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91382,0.04891992,0.01841192,0.00410561,0.0004654771,0.0002748846,0.000415154,0.00008978138,0.01349725],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006315127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02300382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01244674892407446,"score_gpt":0.3101774044813561,"score_spread":0.2977306555572816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}