{"id":"W4415767826","doi":"10.1007/978-981-96-5622-6_26","title":"Energy Management and Overall Efficiency for Multiple Powertrains in Automotives","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in mechanical engineering","topic":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Powertrain; Energy management; Engine control unit; Electric motor; Internal combustion engine; Energy (signal processing); Energy management system; Control (management)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001546608,0.0005579907,0.0005404348,0.0002691649,0.0002522019,0.001067939,0.0007895353,0.0003980785,0.007178615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000274411,0.0002225657,0.0004045086,0.0006322465,0.0002415391,0.001432998,0.0004765793,0.0005409892,0.001016796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006861894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000231542,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009323775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001643367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998571,0.00001390816,0.000004542845,0.00002961988,0.00007113752,0.00002366178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999481,0.00002119685,0.000003966259,0.000007684364,0.00001586677,0.000003238144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001760726,0.0001636922,0.001193811,0.0003974068,0.0001021633,0.0001478909,0.0001678895,0.2451086,0.02580261,0.115529,0.009573558,0.6016374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000206027,0.0004359265,0.008858553,0.0001659917,0.0001103975,0.0004651921,0.0004348368,0.6860297,0.02575728,0.1730892,0.1045796,0.00005269641],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1584326,0.04243627,0.5185645,0.001663163,0.0007574544,0.00007639854,0.0002449066,0.0008972325,0.2769274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8544927,0.006435087,0.01628633,0.00006842495,0.0001673203,0.00004338641,0.0001361909,0.0002062616,0.1221642],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007178615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02401483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005617889822103639,"score_gpt":0.190094466074519,"score_spread":0.1844765762524154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}