{"id":"W4415791755","doi":"10.3389/past.2025.15266","title":"Land grabbing in pastoral areas: insights from Eastern Africa","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice","topic":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Lethbridge","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Land grabbing; Land tenure; Ideology; Appropriation; Communal land; Expropriation; Land management; Customary land; Commons; Alienation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001007768,0.000123185,0.0001588857,0.0002732404,0.0002489374,0.0001157176,0.0002529779,0.00009543965,0.0002648407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001633466,0.000109249,0.00002241483,0.0007950435,0.0002403627,0.0006301641,0.0005449502,0.0003997646,0.0002761424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001913093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004193868,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03085408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004181868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976141,0.001026705,0.0001794508,0.0003779103,0.0003315671,0.0004703103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977309,0.001834941,0.00005015138,0.0002375521,0.00002087767,0.0001255542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020635,0.001032521,0.687908,0.0001086711,0.0002081591,0.000574337,0.02043653,0.0002775269,0.00172704,0.0767569,0.1509032,0.05800365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006591663,0.00007703384,0.2088085,0.00002563381,0.00001238652,0.000002361787,0.0007295804,0.0003329239,0.00001000844,0.01957902,0.769638,0.0001254073],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6242899,0.0007556983,0.0001137797,0.02604848,0.0001454863,0.0004280036,0.000005173537,0.00003328672,0.3481801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890174,0.000246637,0.0002791928,0.0006643734,0.0001499755,0.00006611598,0.000006641222,0.000008715198,0.009560971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6187348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9755995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07398407322344651,"score_gpt":0.3839407082348387,"score_spread":0.3099566350113922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}