{"id":"W4415818835","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c07939","title":"Amine-Functionalized Lignin for CO <sub>2</sub> Capture─Part 2: A Double Amine Grafting Strategy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Lignin; Amine gas treating; Grafting; Diethylenetriamine; Moisture; Adsorption; Greenhouse gas; Biomass (ecology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001938594,0.0003254372,0.0003917788,0.000331315,0.00005553899,0.00008547793,0.0002997488,0.0003020054,0.000005892647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001570854,0.0003360558,0.0001481708,0.0005900298,0.00008195225,0.0001587347,0.0000689326,0.0003135407,0.00002656279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001704729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004945286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001922241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008760021,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985503,0.00001038276,0.0003965081,0.0003593104,0.0001911808,0.000492295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990771,0.0002233688,0.00005762661,0.0004688317,0.0001148979,0.00005810589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000138949,0.00006201521,0.0003280089,0.000373922,0.0004425595,0.00002401907,0.00009848056,0.01006794,0.8075298,0.01504808,0.1582366,0.007649642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003431067,0.00007031945,0.0004447614,0.0001294536,0.0001183152,0.00001659373,0.0003505971,0.002527267,0.8944545,0.003519098,0.09432194,0.0006160517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.973523,0.003116496,0.002789665,0.0004481187,0.0009998512,0.0008269145,0.00006819564,0.003066959,0.01516081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972118,0.00009582311,0.0004209336,0.0001544715,0.0001578872,0.0004489115,0.00009331795,0.00006289796,0.001354018],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0869247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999092,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01483675879665121,"score_gpt":0.2402961640857495,"score_spread":0.2254594052890983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}