{"id":"W4415888466","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf226","title":"Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Canadian sea otters ( <i>Enhydra lutris</i> ) are higher near urban centers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"AXYS Technologies (Canada); University of British Columbia; Government of British Columbia; Ministry of Health; McGill University; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; Mitacs; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","keywords":"Otter; Bioaccumulation; Seawater; Marine mammal; Wildlife; Contamination; Congener; Pollution; Biomagnification; Tributyltin","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006755597,0.0002284553,0.0001276741,0.0007264598,0.0007253821,0.0004697924,0.0002389852,0.0002501853,0.0008795501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001495913,0.0001655645,0.0001489677,0.0005229675,0.0004200093,0.000122907,0.0001796826,0.0002108328,0.000131391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002636528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001184923,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8563651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9429417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998664,0.000003792001,0.000006817691,0.00004177103,0.00004293953,0.00003830012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998499,0.000007049203,0.00004487321,0.000005518417,0.00005784992,0.00003488871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001542055,0.00002839746,0.9653155,0.00003858292,0.00005526174,0.0001887798,0.0007355222,0.0001327148,0.02844943,0.00002903908,0.0002532589,0.004619286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.62781e-7,0.00002403688,0.998208,0.000003178818,0.00001369058,0.0000571106,0.0004048,0.00004252766,0.0009821409,0.000003096995,0.0002566304,0.00000395736],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989576,0.00009456586,0.0000349868,0.00001308746,0.000001092291,0.000003967805,0.0004412479,0.000003962035,0.000449447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981224,0.0001570891,0.0001411961,0.00002810483,0.000001071684,0.000004472936,0.0004815528,0.000002021676,0.001062102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1436349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2889615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004447914785863832,"score_gpt":0.214124899589039,"score_spread":0.2096769848031751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}