{"id":"W4415904774","doi":"10.1002/ail2.70012","title":"Automated <scp>AI</scp> ‐Based Lung Disease Classification Using Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied AI Letters","topic":"Ultrasound in Clinical Applications","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education; Makerere University; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Workflow; Preprocessor; Lung disease; Lung ultrasound; Lung; Ultrasound; Inference","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001727675,0.0002566664,0.0004059038,0.0002233129,0.0001641537,0.00004805685,0.0002366253,0.0001589047,0.00004101723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005348408,0.0002531471,0.0001880065,0.0007857064,0.000310447,0.00007555014,0.00003518724,0.0003979858,0.00006088225],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002520938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002912552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001606575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001673817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980439,0.00004263576,0.0006573205,0.000560387,0.0003469024,0.0003488533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972388,0.001282463,0.0002245503,0.0008585559,0.0001760233,0.0002196321],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001245896,0.0004558919,0.05310486,0.0008601336,0.0002060398,0.000006784212,0.0002135654,0.0008900645,0.8679035,0.01132619,0.06446712,0.0004412778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009416983,0.0001161817,0.7589043,0.001204577,0.003545248,0.00001505271,0.001615014,0.1105421,0.07191619,0.002759462,0.03928115,0.0006837517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9081515,0.0001445263,0.06859349,0.01616227,0.0002060953,0.00182362,0.0001061048,0.0008962994,0.003916085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9579893,0.00000616335,0.005762028,0.03529172,0.0001077181,0.0001968627,0.0005290155,0.00004274818,0.00007441892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7959873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999921,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01999910440774188,"score_gpt":0.3340195034641421,"score_spread":0.3140203990564002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}