{"id":"W4415935889","doi":"10.1101/2025.11.04.685834","title":"The Tissue Engineering Grail: Seamless Biofabrication of Scaffold-free Hollow Constructs","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Robarts Research Institute","keywords":"Biofabrication; Tissue engineering; Extracellular matrix; Biomimetics; Proof of concept; Mechanobiology; Matrix (chemical analysis); Flexibility (engineering)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001668862,0.000335562,0.0001215738,0.0002983732,0.0001442201,0.0003893544,0.000286446,0.0003450066,0.002019921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001790461,0.0001859085,0.0001853197,0.0001214905,0.000301618,0.0003126054,0.0003830686,0.0004989846,0.0007064824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001870531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121419,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001755633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000268068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998543,0.00001473559,0.000008829957,0.00002752115,0.00006986874,0.00002473314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998738,0.00003156953,0.00004188079,0.00002628961,0.0000124352,0.00001410219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001698785,0.000008195905,0.00004231114,0.00003589506,0.000002108775,0.00006383955,0.00003339925,0.0005795115,0.9926507,0.0009330408,0.0003260999,0.005307803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001181218,0.0000651166,0.0005369948,0.00001021518,0.00000309292,0.0001812111,0.00001671156,0.004617719,0.982181,0.0004277407,0.01193307,0.00001536798],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.716999,0.001547284,0.2549822,0.0006483253,0.0003525063,0.0001869694,0.001318729,0.004373136,0.01959184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7639691,0.0006743079,0.2224598,0.0002210714,0.00005120775,0.0001492744,0.0008406251,0.0007199161,0.0109147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002019921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006757259,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01005920248802986,"score_gpt":0.2327187722166594,"score_spread":0.2226595697286296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}