{"id":"W4416006435","doi":"10.5465/amproc.2025.11318abstract","title":"Empowerment Versus Pressure: The Paradoxical Effects of HPWS on Employees’ Helping Behaviors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academy of Management Proceedings","topic":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Empowerment; Work systems; Helping behavior; Incentive; Bridge (graph theory)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003499372,0.0002129535,0.0001971021,0.0004860529,0.000513943,0.001102645,0.0003407761,0.000441945,0.005154857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01673759,0.0001854557,0.0002239816,0.0003337195,0.001964014,0.001329485,0.001485868,0.0009590996,0.0001620892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004041727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006983195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001048417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001400206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978911,0.001174046,0.00008354692,0.0002370946,0.0004118627,0.0002024453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9737915,0.02087407,0.002612011,0.001117644,0.0006511154,0.0009536018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001534111,0.002003701,0.6479812,0.000641245,0.0002991047,0.0007854712,0.05173497,0.001525373,0.02000555,0.05030486,0.001778083,0.2214064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007682047,0.0005671981,0.9564367,0.00011129,0.0001309028,0.0001757878,0.01775602,0.001743748,0.003358692,0.0159186,0.00368686,0.00003738893],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873955,0.0002100365,0.001829658,0.001390438,0.00002480985,0.000012027,0.00002494487,0.0000160193,0.009096611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993083,0.00005384697,0.0002764456,0.0001089233,0.0000150662,0.000005667089,0.000005818968,0.000004296698,0.0002217367],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005154857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01850671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01274678487037308,"score_gpt":0.2689951815818044,"score_spread":0.2562483967114313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}