{"id":"W4416014052","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.04582","title":"Ponderomotive-expulsion: toward creating an electron-free volume","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Graduate School, University of Maryland; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Electron; Ionization; Yield (engineering); Volume (thermodynamics); Beam (structure); Laser; Free electron model; Intensity (physics)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001010246,0.0003742256,0.0003735534,0.0001083791,0.0003259716,0.0001644802,0.0008269329,0.0001371494,0.002299115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000114153,0.0003790686,0.000260274,0.0001722874,0.00004618298,0.0002014449,0.0008555307,0.0008831749,0.0004089191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009303398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001911963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001449174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002557147,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981932,0.0000709812,0.0004270048,0.0007560164,0.0001610971,0.0003916786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980128,0.00006413338,0.0002569058,0.001366825,0.0001664901,0.0001327999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000305647,0.001535355,0.9436587,0.0001590242,0.0007144186,0.000005034636,0.001687921,0.0008110304,0.003249677,0.01117553,0.02846361,0.00850914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002671996,0.0004172547,0.6402669,0.001516192,0.001097922,0.000009419682,0.004099131,0.00528805,0.06458737,0.07103121,0.2049761,0.004038444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9410421,0.00003055684,0.01055917,0.002294456,0.0004299352,0.0004409635,0.0004392973,0.0001514037,0.0446121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795184,0.000004921317,0.00104676,0.0002258505,0.000985886,0.0003866843,0.0008054978,0.00003562448,0.01699034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3033918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03083374952548576,"score_gpt":0.3098420455617384,"score_spread":0.2790082960362527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}