{"id":"W4416025925","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2511.04365","title":"The Apache Point Observatory extra-Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOeGEE): Chemical Abundance Trends for Seven Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies in the APOGEE Survey","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Liverpool John Moores University","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; University of Colorado Boulder; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; University of Oxford; York University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Space Telescope Science Institute; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Washington; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Ohio State University; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; California Institute of Technology; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; New Mexico State University; University of California, Los Angeles; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Yale University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Milky Way; Galaxy; Dwarf spheroidal galaxy; Abundance (ecology); Dwarf galaxy; Stars; Galaxy formation and evolution; Star formation; Irregular galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001228147,0.000552016,0.0004924359,0.0001903957,0.0009198526,0.0001640775,0.001498603,0.0002567485,0.0001128406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006995689,0.0004716734,0.000422378,0.0004913069,0.0003748973,0.0004277212,0.0007236587,0.0009948865,0.00001276297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001408088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005551403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005390891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001001275,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967814,0.0008447071,0.0005097039,0.0007184017,0.000485278,0.0006605229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971495,0.0009213797,0.0005086262,0.001033235,0.0002760499,0.0001111657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004072884,0.0002838536,0.9735849,0.00008738526,0.0002798068,1.60208e-7,0.006240856,0.0004199111,0.00004368121,0.01320407,0.005246263,0.0002017664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008786679,0.00004296741,0.9850512,0.00009913812,0.00011951,6.813822e-7,0.005639053,0.003378115,0.0001518932,0.002672627,0.001497195,0.0004689897],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922694,0.0004270602,0.003011427,0.0004242978,0.0005691657,0.001076815,0.0006635483,0.00008361239,0.001474668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965349,0.0000444907,0.0004396364,0.000004841336,0.0002367526,0.00007165617,0.0005629483,0.00002444388,0.002080306],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0114662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01774620831277665,"score_gpt":0.2300543487350031,"score_spread":0.2123081404222264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}