{"id":"W4416025925","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2511.04365","title":"The Apache Point Observatory extra-Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOeGEE): Chemical Abundance Trends for Seven Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies in the APOGEE Survey","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Liverpool John Moores University","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; University of Colorado Boulder; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; University of Oxford; York University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Space Telescope Science Institute; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Washington; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Ohio State University; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; California Institute of Technology; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; New Mexico State University; University of California, Los Angeles; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Yale University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Milky Way; Galaxy; Dwarf spheroidal galaxy; Abundance (ecology); Dwarf galaxy; Stars; Galaxy formation and evolution; Star formation; Irregular galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007248379,0.0002253792,0.0002338741,0.001547135,0.0003702996,0.000502173,0.0002898172,0.0002298551,0.0006064088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007915051,0.0001824685,0.000143939,0.001151741,0.0002800091,0.0003193019,0.0008358705,0.0002480361,0.0002100298],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003908238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003473452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02600121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04400416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996953,0.00006331824,0.00002527538,0.00009257217,0.00008330967,0.00004025229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989344,0.0001320841,0.0002405899,0.0001813355,0.0002629668,0.0002486019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001635927,0.00005420816,0.9944295,0.000009691998,0.00005118327,0.00004917358,0.0001097033,0.0001301312,0.001484926,0.00005810697,0.0005373574,0.002922566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008611829,0.00001691497,0.9992437,9.422371e-7,0.000006143712,0.00002780187,0.00003575473,0.0001307299,0.0002264171,0.000009168511,0.0002918548,0.000001940871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946845,0.00005211338,0.0002317453,0.00002421804,0.0000026889,0.00002368705,0.004179656,0.00002076142,0.0007805699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834769,0.0000666843,0.001065124,0.00002576773,0.000007778824,0.00003631858,0.01474656,0.00001404033,0.0005608453],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02600121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05169976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01774620831277665,"score_gpt":0.2300543487350031,"score_spread":0.2123081404222264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}