{"id":"W4416033883","doi":"10.18653/v1/2025.findings-emnlp.1113","title":"Radical Allomorphy: Phonological Surface Forms without Phonology","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Stony Brook University; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Phonology; Phonological rule; Term (time); Phonetics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001246842,0.0006961444,0.0006702244,0.0006874746,0.0006475624,0.003540378,0.001959494,0.001657827,0.008935898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00475344,0.0009055311,0.001116548,0.0006026105,0.005752897,0.009587308,0.004222309,0.003232388,0.002121148],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000563617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007493118,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008514269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008488063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991741,0.0001626728,0.00005345653,0.0003664843,0.0001723859,0.00007088198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998204,0.0005806379,0.0001096888,0.0009248915,0.0001050177,0.00007564617],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005892469,0.00002458573,0.00167449,0.0001002443,0.0000204802,0.0005049061,0.000588137,0.00437587,0.00517985,0.9357622,0.00191952,0.0497909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001273654,0.00001671327,0.0004772052,0.00001481364,0.00001301817,0.0003983865,0.00007937404,0.02377485,0.001270783,0.9684021,0.005524299,0.00001563504],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06552594,0.0003417725,0.8779688,0.002568661,0.0001931176,0.00007007196,0.0005993199,0.002790861,0.04994151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8594521,0.0003289141,0.130525,0.0006919309,0.0001835779,0.00009216468,0.0007990971,0.001109562,0.006817615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008935898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02989358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0364739284182061,"score_gpt":0.3746915541636665,"score_spread":0.3382176257454604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}