{"id":"W4416094156","doi":"10.3389/fspas.2025.1694836","title":"Extremely rapid radiation belt electron losses across the magnetopause","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Magnetopause; Van Allen radiation belt; Space weather; Population; Radiation; Electron; Flux (metallurgy); Magnetosphere; Space physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003456154,0.0002197649,0.0002818575,0.0003674464,0.0004021815,0.0005270165,0.0004774941,0.0002283449,0.001674608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007254262,0.0001225863,0.0001782801,0.0004043803,0.0003131668,0.0004522523,0.0005726192,0.000355615,0.0003434221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005879222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000156937,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00681275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006452378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998537,0.00001187452,0.000007354238,0.00003249524,0.00005811645,0.00003627323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997166,0.00003418482,0.0001053035,0.00004522063,0.00006887096,0.00002981727],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009724642,0.0001170761,0.8585771,0.0001364391,0.000132833,0.001289255,0.0009341356,0.008097932,0.08816122,0.0007648246,0.002477212,0.03833956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001597885,0.0001662754,0.9821682,0.00001913011,0.00002559242,0.0003083523,0.0003817713,0.005377035,0.007697554,0.0003259855,0.0035049,0.000009209257],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952436,0.0001408035,0.00125531,0.00007186348,0.000005977585,0.00001455134,0.0006839213,0.0001419456,0.002442011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982407,0.00004794331,0.0005098156,0.00002336336,0.000007259636,0.000006692197,0.0007042158,0.00001617022,0.0004438571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00681275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01354617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004340953884835514,"score_gpt":0.2346757615989027,"score_spread":0.2303348077140672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}